How many calories a person burns depends on the time of day. This also explains why shift work contributes to obesity.
“It doesn't just depend on what we eat. But also, when we eat and rest. All of this affects how much energy we burn or store in the form of fat,” says Jeanne Duffy. The sleep researcher at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston worked with colleagues to determine when people burn the most calories when they are resting.
Calorie burner early evening
The body needs around 60 to 70 percent of all calories for the so-called resting metabolic rate - which is around ten percent higher in the normal daily routine in the late afternoon and early evening than in the early morning. The difference between the “calorie burning peak” and the low point is over 100 kilocalories (kcal) per day.
Lack of sleep lowers the need for calories
For comparison: going through one night lowers the resting metabolic rate by around 100 kcal, after several nights with only four hours of sleep it is 31 to 42 kcal per day lower than when you are well rested.
Ten people took part in Duffy's experiment. In special rooms with no clocks or daylight, they had no clue what time it was. Their food was precisely put together and weighed.
Time difference and obesity
In this way, the researchers were able to find out what influence the internal clock has and what external timer. Your results can help explain why shifts in the daily rhythm, for example due to shift work, favor obesity. Because then the internal clock no longer “ticks” in harmony with the external clock.
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